Pelvic health problems are very common, but they are not something you have to live with.

Many women experience bladder, bowel, pelvic floor, intimacy or post-birth symptoms that can improve with the right support.

Access SBUHB women’s health resources
Common pelvic health symptoms

Leaking when you laugh or exercise

You may be experiencing stress incontinence. Up to 40% of women experience this. It is the most common form of urinary incontinence.

Rushing for a wee

Urgency, frequency or not making it in time may indicate urge incontinence or an overactive bladder. This affects nearly 1 in 5 adults over 40 and is twice as common in women.

Feeling pressure down below

A heaviness, pressure or bulge in the vagina may be a vaginal prolapse. This is treatable and getting help early can make a difference.

Pain during sex or intimacy

Pain during sex, loss of sensation or reduced confidence are common, but they should not be ignored.

At least 15% of women report pain during intercourse, but the true number is likely to be higher. Pelvic health can affect relationships, and support is available.

Post-birth and pregnancy changes

Pregnancy places extra pressure on the pelvic floor. Birth, including caesarean birth or tears, can weaken or injure the muscles.

You do not need to live with discomfort.

Bowel trouble

Constipation, urgency, or leaking wind or poo can sometimes be linked to pelvic floor dysfunction. Help is available.

Menopause and pelvic health

Reduced oestrogen can weaken the pelvic muscles, leading to leaks, prolapse or pain. It may also cause dryness or discomfort.

Pelvic floor physiotherapy and GP hormonal support can help.

Pelvic floor exercises

Your pelvic floor muscles act like a sling supporting your bladder, bowel and reproductive organs.

Everyone should exercise their pelvic floor. It is never too late to start.

How to do a pelvic floor squeeze

  • Contract the pelvic floor as if trying to stop wind, then lift as if stopping a wee.
  • Hold for up to 10 seconds, then relax. Repeat up to 10 times.
  • Complete up to 10 fast contractions.
  • Repeat the exercises around 3 times a day.

Key points

  • Do not hold your breath.
  • Avoid clenching your bottom cheeks or tummy muscles.
  • Do not practise during urination.
Looking after your pelvic health
  • Stay active. Walking, swimming, cycling, Pilates and yoga are good choices.
  • Aim for a healthy weight.
  • Avoid “just-in-case” wees.
  • Drink 1.5 to 2 litres of fluid a day.
  • Limit caffeine, alcohol and fizzy drinks.
  • Avoid constipation and try not to strain.
  • Stop smoking.
How a pelvic health physiotherapist can help

Physiotherapists are experts in pelvic floor function. They can help you:

  • Assess your pelvic floor strength and function.
  • Treat symptoms with a personalised exercise and management plan.
  • Educate you about pelvic anatomy and symptom management.
  • Empower you to manage your pelvic health long-term.

If you are experiencing pelvic floor symptoms, speak to your GP or a pelvic health physiotherapist. You may benefit from further assessment and treatment.

Further information

You can visit Swansea Bay University Health Board’s pelvic health physiotherapy page for more information.

Visit the NHS Wales pelvic health page

Your local practice may also offer pelvic health information sessions where you can learn more about bladder, bowel and pelvic floor health.